The French automotive industry faces the challenge of the ecological transition

[...]the vehicle of the future must be considered within the broader framework of the mobility of the future, taking into account the entire value chain. Transforming our future into a sustainable future: planning for the automotive transition Didier Sepulchre de Condé, Mechanical industry The automotive industry is in turmoil, firstly because of the economic situation, with a market deeply affected by Covid, shortages of materials and components and disoriented customers;and secondly because of the structural situation, with the forced transition to electrification. The four paradoxes of the ecological transition of the European car industry Alois Kirchner, Former Director of Cabinet of the Minister for Industry The energy transition in the automotive sector is essential for achieving French and European climate objectives. [...]the actions implemented come up against four paradoxes, which must be overcome if this transition is to succeed: * the regulation on the reduction of CO2 emissions from the tank to the wheel, to the exclusion of other sources which now represent the majority of emissions from new vehicles;* the steering of vehicle traffic restrictions based on Crit'air stickers, leading to the prohibition of access to certain cities for vehicles that are more virtuous than others that are still allowed to enter;* the inability to implement policies to support the production of vehicles on European soil that are sufficiently powerful to halt the fall in associated jobs;a situation that benefits production sites that are not subject to the same environmental standards;* and the rising price of "green" vehicles, leading to a slowdown in the renewal of the fleet and the maintenance of a high level of pollution and carbon emissions.

Open Streets for Whom?

The COVID-19 pandemic has created opportunities for cities to close streets to automobile traffic in the name of public health. Although these interventions promise numerous benefits, neighborhood activists and scholars of color suggest they can perpetuate structurally racist inequities. In this Viewpoint, we implore planners and other city builders to think critically about the impact of these interventions by employing an environmental justice framework. Applying this framework in the open streets context exposes several potential paradoxes that arise. We conclude with a set of best practices that can help city builders transcend these paradoxes and extend this livability revolution to all.

Leading in the Paradoxical World of Crises: How Leaders Navigate Through Crises.

Living and operating in a global world, the risk for a global economic crisis has never been greater. As ongoing events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the recent war in Ukraine or the sharply increasing inflation have shown, organizations need to be highly resilient to persevere in a crisis-prone world. Even though we know that crises serve as a focal lens on leadership behavior and leaders play a crucial role in these scenarios, little is known as to how leaders handle an existence-threatening organizational crisis. Using an inductive analysis of 32 interviews on crisis leadership, we show that in the case of an acute crisis, leaders apply different paradoxical behaviors to cope effectively with the situation and navigate their organizations through these events. More specifically, our study contributes to existing literature by, first, showing that the distinctiveness of crises results from the fact that leaders are confronted with paradoxes that they can otherwise smoothly separate in terms of time or organization, second, revealing that the leader's paradoxical behaviors as a respond are derived from their mindset to consciously recognize the contradictory demands of the crisis, and third, from their action in terms of a compressed situational leadership. By identifying six pairs of paradoxical behaviors, we demonstrate how leaders effectively deal with the unsolvable contradictions that arise from the crisis, and thus contribute to the organizations' ability to cope with crises. Supplementary Information: The online version of this article (10.1007/s41471-022-00147-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Activity based Traffic Indicator System for Monitoring the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study describes an activity based traffic indicator system to provide information for COVID-19 pandemic management. The activity based traffic indicator system does this by utilizing a social probability model based on the birthday paradox to determine the exposure risk, the probability of meeting someone infected (PoMSI). COVID-19 data, particularly the 7-day moving average of the daily growth rate of cases (7-DMA of DGR) and cumulative confirmed cases of next week covering a period from April to September 2020, were then used to test PoMSI using Pearson correlation to verify whether it can be used as a factor for the indicator. While there is no correlation for the 7-DMA of DGR, PoMSI is strongly correlated (0.671 to 0.996) with the cumulative confirmed cases and it can be said that as the cases continuously rise, the probability of meeting someone COVID positive will also be higher. This shows that indicator not only shows the current exposure risk of certain activities but it also has a predictive nature since it correlates to cumulative confirmed cases of next week and can be used to anticipate the values of confirmed cumulative cases. This information can then be used for pandemic management. Copyright © 2021 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

The paradoxes of covid-19 and the action of environmental education: in the face of the unpredictability and uncertainties

The historical reality tends to be understood as a social construction, with objective and subjective meanings, as is the case of environmental education projects and Covid-19. This pandemic points to limits and possibilities, our interdependence with others and with nature. The aim of the text is to bring to light an approach to the purposes for environmental education, in the face of chaos, uncertainties and sociocultural changes. The phenomenon highlighted in the text paradigmatically attests to the relevance of the social protection system, the exchange with environmental well-being, as well as the extent and intensity of the uncertainties that afflict citizens in the face of ongoing technological changes. A large part of the text is dedicated to outlining aspects considered important, such as prospecting, for environmental education in a post-pandemic perspective.

Problematizar las practicas pre-profesionales de Trabajo Social durante la pandemia: entre paradojas y absurdos

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre el impacto que produjo la irrupción de la pandemia COVID-19 en el desarrollo de un proyecto investigativo abocado a analizar practicas pre profesionales en salud a cargo de estudiantes avanzados de la Licenciatura en Trabajo Social de la Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. La pandemia no solo interpela a las políticas públicas y a las capacidades estatales de reaccionar simultáneamente en diversos planos, sino también los modos de intervenir en situaciones prioritarias en contextos de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio, como de distanciamiento social preventivo y obligatorio. Como Trabajadores Sociales y docentes universitarios, nuestros procesos no quedaron al margen, y el desafío de sostener un vinculo pedagógico a distancia, con las insuficiencias que ello implica, puso en tensión la estrategia metodológica asumida, incorporando la idea de lo paradojal y lo absurdo. La producción de conocimientos se constituye como un imperativo ético no sólo para otorgar mayor jerarquía al quehacer profesional, sino porque las problemáticas de este momento histórico y los desgarramientos sociales a los que asistimos así lo exigen. En esa línea la formación para la práctica profesional se torna una cuestión inquietante e ineludible desde el punto de vista político-pedagógico.Alternate :This article reflects on the impact that the emergence of the Covid 19 pandemic produced in the development ogf a research project aimed at analyzing pre-professional health practices by advanced students of the Bachelor’s Degree in Social Work of the Faculty of Political Science and Relations International, National University of Rosario.The pandemic not only challenges public policies and state capacities to react simultaneously on various levels, but aslo the ways of intervening in priority situations in contexts of preventive and compulsory social isolation, such as preventive and compulsory social distancing.As Social Workers and university teachers, our processes were not left out, and the challenge of maintaining a distance pedagogical link, with the inadequacies that this implies, put the assumed methodological strategy in tensión, incorporating the idea of the paradoxical and the absurd.The production of knowledge is constituted as an ethical imperative not only to grant a greater hierarchy to professional work, but aslo because the problems of this historical momento and the social disruptions we are witnessing requiere it. Along these lines, training for professional practice becomes a disturbing and unavoidable issue from the political-pedagogical point of view.

Inherent paradoxes in the shift to autonomous solutions provision: a multilevel investigation of the shipping industry

Transforming a traditional industry by adopting autonomous solutions is complex, generating paradoxical tensions on multiple aggregate levels. We undertake an in-depth case study of a leading maritime autonomous solutions provider and its ecosystem partners. We apply the paradox lens using thematic analysis. Our research contributes to the digital servitization literature by identifying six paradoxes inherent in the shift to autonomous solutions, nested in the micro, meso, and macro levels. We develop a multilevel framework of organizational paradoxes, delineating cascading effects of paradoxes across levels. We offer valuable insights for providers to integrate multilevel perspectives into the shift to autonomous solutions.

The Multifaceted Role of Social Capital for Achieving Organizational Ambidexterity and Supply Chain Resilience

With the increasing frequency and impact of disruptions (i.e., in the wake of COVID 19, Suez Canal blockage), researchers and practitioners are faced with an ongoing challenge to enable supply chain resilience. Drawing on the theory of paradox and ambidexterity, this study highlights paradoxes in enabling supply chain resilience and proposes that firms manage such paradoxes by developing an ambidexterity capability. We build a research model hypothesizing the role of social capital that enables organizational ambidexterity to realize supply chain resilience. The model is tested using structural equation modeling comprising survey data of 204 Pakistani manufacturing firms. Based on the results of this article, our overall model finds support with the exception that cognitive capital is not related to ambidexterity. This research contributes to the further conceptualization of paradoxes in supply chain resilience and advances the theory for a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of organizational social capital on ambidexterity.

The paradox model: towards a conceptual framework for engaging with sustainability in higher education

Purpose>The growing awareness of climate change, biodiversity loss and the wider global environmental emergency has led to calls for decisive and immediate action from all sections of society. This paper aims to consider the question of how universities should respond and what role they might best adopt in current circumstances.Design/methodology/approach>This paper presents a conceptual framework, the paradox model, which places sustainability within the contradictory, messy and uncertain terrain that characterises higher education (HE). This is derived from the own experience of leading sustainability within one UK university, as well as the continued engagement with educational theory and philosophy.Findings>This paper identifies two fundamental contradictions or paradoxes facing those seeking to engage in sustainability in HE, namely, how to develop authentic sustainability responses within the context of existing HE structures and processes and how to reconcile the demand for immediate action with the much more gradual processes of education. This paper represents these two paradoxes as intersecting axes on a diagram, which creates four quadrants in which a diverse range of responses can be located. The point where these two axes intersect is particularly significant and provides a place from which to navigate responses both individually, collectively and institutionally.Originality/value>This paper argues that wisdom provides a guiding principle for discerning which type of response might be appropriate in any given context. It may also indicate a route towards institutional change and underpin the vision of the ecological university of the future based on principles of civic responsibility and social justice.

INVENTIONS OF INTERVENTIONS: DATA DRIVEN STRATEGIES IN PANDEMIC RESEARCH AND CONTROL

Faced with a rapidly evolving virus, inventors must seek to experiment, iterate and deploy both creative and effective solutions. Supported by empirical model-driven analysis, this paper delves into fundamental paradoxes and biases in the context of epidemic research, increasing awareness at every stage of the clinical trial;ranging from hypothesizing to sampling, and analyses to fake data detection. Critically, the paper also presents novel ideas that demonstrate how the paradoxes and biases covered play into technology development and deployment to combat the surging pandemic, COVID-19.

Welfare Paradoxes and Interpersonal Pacts: Transnational Social Protection of Latin American Migrants in Spain

This article analyses the relationship between migration, care work, and welfare provision, highlighting the role of Latin American migrants in Spain as providers of formal and informal social protection on a transnational scale. It contributes to the debate on transnational social protection and transnational social inequalities from the perspective of welfare paradoxes and interpersonal pacts. Migrant women in Spain have become a resource for the provision of formal social protection through their employment as domestic care workers. Nevertheless, given that access to social rights in Spain depends on job stability and residency status, they have difficulties in accessing formal social protection themselves. This process constitutes a “welfare paradox,” based on the commodification and exclusion paradoxes, explained by structural factors such as the characteristics of the welfare regime (familiaristic model, with a tendency to hire domestic workers as caregivers into households), the migration regime (feminised and with a clear leaning towards Latin American women), and the economic landscape resulting from two systemic crises: the great recession of 2008 and the Covid‐19 pandemic. Interpersonal pacts, rooted in marriage/couple and intergenerational agreements, and their infringements, are analysed to explain the transnational and informal social protection strategies in the context of the “exclusion paradox” and the breach of the “welfare pact.” Our research draws on the exploitation of secondary data and multi‐sited, longitudinal fieldwork based on biographical interviews conducted with various members of transnational families in Spain and Ecuador (41 interviews).

Covid-19 no Sistema Socioeducativo do Rio de Janeiro: trabalho essencial e seus paradoxos na socioeducação

Neste texto, analisamos alguns efeitos das decisÐes de manutençao e suspensao de atividades no sistema socioeducativo do Rio de Janeiro (Degase) ao longo de 2020. Por um lado, ao ser considerado essencial, a aproximaçâo do sistema socioeducativo ao sistema penitenciario diminuiu as taxas de superlotaçao nas unidades, a partir da Recomendaçâo n° 62 do CNJ. Por outro lado, linhas de atuaçâo consideradas essenciais no trabalho de socioeducaçao, tais como escolarizaçâo, saúde e convivencia familiar, těm encontrado barreiras para sua plena realizaçao, justamente em decorrencia das limitaçÐes que os protocolos sanitarios estabelecem. Para o desenvolvimento da análise empreendida neste artigo, exploramos normativas estatais pertinentes publicadas durante o ano de 2020 referentes a pandemia de Covid-19 a luz da legislaçao referente as medidas socioeducativas. Além disso, examinamos os materiais oficiais publicados pelo próprio Degase e suas apresentaçÐes em redes sociais, além de dados apresentados por outras instituyes e por fontes de imprensa.Alternate :In this text, we analyze some effects of the decisions to maintain and suspend activities In the juvenile justice system of Rio de Janeiro (Degase) throughout 2020. On the one hand, in order to be considered essential, the approximation of the juvenile justice system system to the prison system reduced overcrowding rates in the units, based on CNJ Recommendation No. 62. On the other hand, lines of action considered essential in work at the juvenile justice system, such as education, health and family life, have encountered barriers to their full realization, precisely because of the limitations that the health protocols establish. For the development of the analysis carried out in this article, we explore relevant state regulations published during the year 2020 regarding the pandemic in the light of the legislation on juvenile justice system measures. In addition, we examine the official materials published by Degase itself and their presentations on social networks, as well as data presented by other institutions and press sources.

The Paradoxes of Emergency Remote Teaching

This article presents and discusses some of the paradoxes that educators in the higher education sector encountered during the COVID-19 lockdowns. It takes a fresh look at data from a study involving 3,000 teachers and 20,000 students as the empirical background in the form of both quantitative and qualitative material. Based on a paradoxical-theoretical perspective, the article looks at the experiences of educators who had to teach online - some of them for the first time. The article finds that the lockdowns led to teaching and learning situations in an online format which were paradoxically different from both familiar on-site and online teaching.

Perceptions and Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic amongst Frontline Nurses and Their Relatives in France in Six Paradoxes: A Qualitative Study.

Due to their frontline position to fight the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the professional and personal life of nurses was severely disrupted. To understand and describe their lived experiences and perceptions during the pandemic's first wave in France, we interviewed 49 nurses, including 16 nursing students, and 48 of their family members from June to July 2020. Using a purposeful sampling, the semi-structured interviews were scripted according to Abric's method with probing questions. The interview analysis led to the identification of six paradoxical perceptions concerning the pandemic's consequences: the Silence Paradox, the Hero Paradox, the Workforce Paradox, the Learning Paradox, the Symbolic Exchange Paradox, and the Uncertainty Paradox. However, despite different experiences, the nurses perceived their frontline position both as a burden jeopardizing their safety and well-being and as a spotlight of nurses' tough working conditions. Indeed, because they were in the frontline position, nurses and nursing students were psychologically vulnerable, even more so when they felt alone and inadequately protected. Besides, their families were vulnerable too, as they were also exposed to the consequences of the nurses' frontline engagement. Thus, to preserve their safety and well-being, institutions should also provide them with better organizational support and inclusive leadership, without neglecting their families.